TA FAQs (frequently asked questions): School-Based Health Center-Policy Issues

SMHP Quick Find

TOPIC: Social Promotion

The following reflects our most recent response for technical assistance related to this topic. This list represents a sample of information to get you started and is not meant to be exhaustive.
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Center Developed Documents, Resources, and Tools

Articles

Featured Newsletter article (Fall, '98), Denying Social Promotion Obligates Schools to Do More to Address Barriers to Learning.
Featured Newsletter article (Spring, '98), Enabling Learning in the Classroom: A Primary Mental Health Concern.
L. Taylor & H.S. Adelman (1999). Personalizing Classroom Instruction to Account for Motivational and Developmental . Reading & Writing Quarterly, 15 (4), 255-276.

Center Policy & Practice Analysis Briefs

Grade Retention: What's the Prevailing Policy and What Needs to be Done?

Relevant Documents, Resources, and Tools on the Internet

National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) Press Release on Social Promotion and Grade Retention (1998)

NCLB: Implications for Special Education Students and Students with Limited English Proficiency (2004)

Retention and Social Promotion: Research and Implications for Policy (ERIC Digest #161) (2000)

Rethinking retention to help all students succeed: A resource guide.

Snatching Victory from the Jaws of Social Promotion (1998)

Student promotion/retention policies

Student Retention: Trying to Succeed Where Others Failed. By G. Pick. Catalyst Vol. IX, No. 7, April 1998.

Taking Responsibility for Ending Social Promotion: A Guide for Educators and State and Local Leaders. U.S. Dept. of Education (May, 1999)

When Retention is Recommended, What Should Parents Do? (1997)

Clearinghouse Archived Material

Section 504 In The Classroom How To Design & Implement Accommodation Plans (1998)

On the Scene: Academic Growth Group and Mentoring Program for Potential Dropouts (1993)
School-Based Case Management: An Integrated Service Model for Early Intervention with Potential Dropouts (1999)

Involving the Families of At-Risk Youth in the Educational Process (1991)
Mentoring Programs for At-Risk Youth (1990)
Related Agencies and Websites

The American Federation of Teachers

CRESPAR-Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed At Risk

The National Association of Elementary School Principals

Relevant Publications That Can Be Obtained Through Libraries

Effects of grade retention on academic performance and behavioral development. Pagani, Linda; Tremblay, Richard E.; Vitaro, Frank; Boulerice, Bernard; McDuff, Pierre. Development & Psychopathology. Cambridge Univ: US, 2001 Spr. 13 (2): p. 297-315.

Grade retention and school dropout: Investigating the association. Roderick, Melissa. American Educational Research Journal. American Educational Research Assn: US, 1994 Win. 31 (4): p. 729-759.

Grade retention and school performance: An extended investigation. McCoy, Ann R.; Reynolds, Arthur J. Journal of School Psychology. Elsevier Science, Inc.: US, 1999 Fal. 37 (3): p. 273-298.

On the failure of failure: Examining the association between early grade retention and education and employment outcomes during late adolescence. Jimerson, Shane R. Journal of School Psychology. Elsevier Science, Inc.: US, 1999 Fal. 37 (3): p. 243-272.
On the success of failure: A reassessment of the effects of retention in the primary grades. Alexander, Karl; Entwisle, Doris; & Dauber. Susan. 2nd ed., Caambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
President's Perspective: Beyond Social Promotion. By, Y. Allen. The Communicator, Vol. 21 (7), Nov. 1997. A publication of the National Association of Elementary School Principals.

The early identification of risk for grade retention among African American children at risk for school difficulty.Blair, Clancy. Applied Developmental Science. Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc: US, 2001. 5 (1): p. 37-50.

We hope these resources met your needs. If not, feel free to contact us for further assistance. For additional resources related to this topic, use our search page to find people, organizations, websites and documents. You may also go to our technical assistance page for more specific technical assistance requests.
If you haven't done so, you may want to contact our sister center, the Center for School Mental Health at the University of Maryland at Baltimore.
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